通過鍛造能消除金屬在冶煉過程中產(chǎn)生的鑄態(tài)疏松等缺陷，優(yōu)化微觀組織結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)由于保存了完整的金屬流線，鍛件的機(jī)械性能一般優(yōu)于同樣材料的鑄件。

Forging can eliminate the defects such as casting porosity and so on during the smelting process, and optimize the microstructure. At the same time, because of the intact metal flow line, the mechanical properties of the forgings are generally better than those of the same materials.

若因溫度和變形程度選擇不當(dāng)而得到粗大晶粒時(shí)，可利用熱處理相變細(xì)化晶粒組織，但對(duì)于熱處理中不發(fā)生相變的鋼種，如奧氏體鋼，就必須在鍛造過程中獲得細(xì)小而均勻的晶粒組織，因此對(duì)這樣的材料在鍛造時(shí)須加倍注意。

If the temperature and degree of deformation and improper selection of coarse grains, the grain refinement phase change heat treatment, but for the steel phase transition does not occur in the heat treatment, such as austenitic steel, it must be in the forging process have fine and uniform grains, so this kind of material in the forging must pay more attention to.

定期對(duì)設(shè)備進(jìn)行保養(yǎng)，所有的操作者工作之前必須帶好防護(hù)用具。在進(jìn)行鍛造作業(yè)時(shí)，幾個(gè)操作者之間要集中精力，互相配合，躲開危險(xiǎn)方向，選擇相對(duì)安全的位置。

Maintenance of equipment on a regular basis, and all operators must take protective equipment before working. In the process of forging, several operators should their energy, cooperate with each other, avoid the dangerous direction, and choose a relatively safe.